2010 ADA Definition
Disability: Disability means, with respect to an individual, a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the major life activities of such individual; a record of such an impairment; or being regarded as having such an impairment.
(1) The phrase physical or mental impairment means – (i) Any physiological disorder or condition, cosmetic disfigurement, or anatomical loss affecting one or more of the following body systems: neurological; musculoskeletal; special sense organs; respiratory, including speech organs; cardiovascular; reproductive; digestive; genitourinary; hemic and lymphatic; skin; and endocrine; (ii) Any mental or psychological disorder such as mental retardation, organic brain syndrome, emotional or mental illness, and specific learning disabilities; (iii) The phrase physical or mental impairment includes, but is not limited to, such contagious and noncontagious diseases and conditions as orthopedic, visual, speech, and hearing impairments, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, cancer, heart disease, diabetes, mental retardation, emotional illness, specific learning disabilities, HIV disease (whether symptomatic or asymptomatic), tuberculosis, drug addiction, and alcoholism; (iv) The phrase physical or mental impairment does not include homosexuality or bisexuality.
(2) The phrase major life activities means functions such as caring for one´s self, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.
(3) The phrase has a record of such an impairment means has a history of, or has been misclassified as having, a mental or physical impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities.
(4) The phrase is regarded as having an impairment means – (i) Has a physical or mental impairment that does not substantially limit major life activities but that is treated by a private entity as constituting such a limitation; (ii) Has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits major life activities only as a result of the attitudes of others toward such impairment; or (iii) Has none of the impairments defined in paragraph (1) of this definition but is treated by a private entity as having such an impairment.
(5) The term disability does not include – (i) Transvestism, transsexualism, pedophilia, exhibitionism, voyeurism, gender identity disorders not resulting from physical impairments, or other sexual behavior disorders; (ii) Compulsive gambling, kleptomania, or pyromania; or (iii) Psychoactive substance use disorders resulting from current illegal use of drugs.
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Legal Documents > Metzler et al. v. Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, Inc. et al.
V. IMPROVED POLICIES, PROCEDURES, AND PROGRAMS AFFECTING ACCESS
vision disabilities, persons with developmental disabilities, or those with mobility disabilities) the Access Policy Work Group will first consult with individuals who are members or representatives...
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Products and Additional Resources > Products
Durateq® Stadium Captioning
Why Act Now
Why it is in your best interest to act now:
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requirements are sometimes difficult to interpret....
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State and Local Documents > Codes and Standards > 2022 California Standards
1.9.1 Division of the State Architect - Access Compliance.
buildings, facilities, site work and other improvements to which this code applies in compliance with state law to ensure that these improvements are accessible to and usable by persons with disabilities...
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State and Local Documents > Codes and Standards > 2025 California Standards
1.9.1 Division of the State Architect - Access Compliance.
buildings, facilities, site work and other improvements to which this code applies in compliance with state law to ensure that these improvements are accessible to and usable by persons with disabilities...
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Federal Documents > Regulations > 28 CFR Part 36 Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability by Public Accommodations and in Commercial Facilities (2010 ADA Title III Regulations with amendments issued through Dec. 2016)
Prevention of fraud in purchase of accessible seating. (Section-by-Section Analysis)
Curbing fraud is a goal that public accommodations and individuals with disabilities share....
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Federal Documents > Regulations > 49 CFR Parts 37 & 38 - Department of Transportation (DOT) ADA Regulations
Section 37.173 Training
One of the best sources of information on how best to train personnel to interact appropriately with individuals with disabilities is the disability community itself....
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > Title I Technical Assistance Manual
5.5(e) Making Job Applications Accessible
5.5(e) Making Job Applications Accessible
Employers have an obligation to make reasonable accommodations to enable an applicant with a disability to apply for a job....
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > Title I Technical Assistance Manual
1630.10 Qualification standards, tests, and other selection criteria
It is unlawful for a covered entity to use qualification standards, employment tests or other selection criteria that screen out or tend to screen out an individual with a disability or...
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State and Local Documents > Laws > Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 (with amendments issued through 2008)
12143(c)(1)(C)
(C) to other individuals, in addition to the one individual described in subparagraph (a), accompanying the individual with a disability provided that space for these additional individuals...
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Research and History > Regulations and Standards History > Americans with Disabilities Act 25th Anniversary Timeline - Disability & Employment
Section 508
_____________________
8/7/1998
Amendments to the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 require federal agencies to make their electronic and information technology accessible to people with disabilities...
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > Title I Technical Assistance Manual
SEC. 508. TRANSVESTITES. 42 USC 12208
For the purposes of this Act, the term disabled or disability shall not apply to an individual solely because that individual is a transvestite....
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Federal Documents > Regulations > 49 CFR Part 27 - Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability in Programs or Activities Receiving Federal Financial Assistance (with amendments issued through Aug. 2015)
§27.7(b)(1)(ii)
(ii) Afford a qualified person with a disability an opportunity to participate in or benefit from the aid, benefit, or service that is not substantially equal to that afforded persons who...
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Federal Documents > Regulations > 28 CFR Part 36 Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability by Public Accommodations and in Commercial Facilities (2010 ADA Title III Regulations with amendments issued through Dec. 2016)
§ 36.212(c)
(c) A public accommodation shall not refuse to serve an individual with a disability because its insurance company conditions coverage or rates on the absence of individuals with disabilities...
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Federal Documents > Regulations > 28 CFR Part 36 Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability by Public Accommodations and in Commercial Facilities (1991 ADA Title III Regulations)
Sec.36.212(c)
(c) A public accommodation shall not refuse to serve an individual with a disability because its insurance company conditions coverage or rates on the absence of individuals with disabilities...
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Rulemaking Process Documents > NPRMS > 36 CFR Part 1190, Proposed Accessibility Guidelines for Pedestrian Facilities in the Public Right-of-Way: Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM)
Congressional Findings of Discrimination
Congressional Findings of Discrimination
The Americans with Disabilities Act was enacted in 1990 by overwhelming bipartisan majorities in the House of Representatives (377 – 28) and in...
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > Appendix to 29 CFR Part 1630—Interpretive Guidance on Title I of the Americans With Disabilities Act
Section 1630.2(r) Direct Threat
For individuals with physical disabilities, the employer must identify the aspect of the disability that would pose the direct threat....
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > Title I Technical Assistance Manual
2.3(c) Perform Essential Functions "With or Without Reasonable Accommodation"
2.3(c) Perform Essential Functions "With or Without Reasonable Accommodation"
Many individuals with disabilities are qualified to perform the essential functions of jobs without need...
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Research and History > Regulations and Standards History > Equality of Opportunity: The Making of the Americans with Disabilities Act
Epilogue
They must also take proactive steps to offer equal opportunity to persons with disabilities, commensurate with their economic resources....
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Research and History > Regulations and Standards History > Equality of Opportunity: The Making of the Americans with Disabilities Act
The Government Response
And scores of disability and non-disability organizations endorsed the ADA and funneled information to their members....
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Rulemaking Process Documents > Committee Activity and Reports > Recommendations on Standards for the Design of Medical Diagnostic Equipment for Adults with Disabilities, Advisory Committee Final Report
Data Deficiencies
Data Deficiencies
Advocates on the committee, representing the interests of people with disabilities, strongly stated that a 17” height is essential to accommodate the largest segment...
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > Air Carrier Access Act Technical Assistance Manual (2005)
C. Mobility Aids and Assistive Devices
or contractor must reassemble it and ensure its prompt return to the passenger with a disability in the same condition in which the carrier received it....
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > Title II Technical Assistance Manual
II-3.5400 Surcharges
Although compliance may result in some additional cost, a public entity may not place a surcharge only on particular individuals with disabilities or groups of individuals with disabilities...
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > Protecting the Rights of Parents and Prospective Parents with Disabilities: Technical Assistance for State and Local Child Welfare Agencies and Courts
1. What are the basic requirements of ADA Title II and Section 504?
Answer: Title II of the ADA provides that no qualified individual with a disability shall, by reason of such disability, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or...
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State and Local Documents > Codes and Standards > 2025 California Standards
11B-1003.3 Clearances
Although the minimum width of the clear pier space is 60 inches (1525 mm), it is recommended that piers be wider than 60 inches (1525 mm) to improve the safety for persons with disabilities...