2010 ADA Definition
Disability: Disability means, with respect to an individual, a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the major life activities of such individual; a record of such an impairment; or being regarded as having such an impairment.
(1) The phrase physical or mental impairment means – (i) Any physiological disorder or condition, cosmetic disfigurement, or anatomical loss affecting one or more of the following body systems: neurological; musculoskeletal; special sense organs; respiratory, including speech organs; cardiovascular; reproductive; digestive; genitourinary; hemic and lymphatic; skin; and endocrine; (ii) Any mental or psychological disorder such as mental retardation, organic brain syndrome, emotional or mental illness, and specific learning disabilities; (iii) The phrase physical or mental impairment includes, but is not limited to, such contagious and noncontagious diseases and conditions as orthopedic, visual, speech, and hearing impairments, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, cancer, heart disease, diabetes, mental retardation, emotional illness, specific learning disabilities, HIV disease (whether symptomatic or asymptomatic), tuberculosis, drug addiction, and alcoholism; (iv) The phrase physical or mental impairment does not include homosexuality or bisexuality.
(2) The phrase major life activities means functions such as caring for one´s self, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.
(3) The phrase has a record of such an impairment means has a history of, or has been misclassified as having, a mental or physical impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities.
(4) The phrase is regarded as having an impairment means – (i) Has a physical or mental impairment that does not substantially limit major life activities but that is treated by a private entity as constituting such a limitation; (ii) Has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits major life activities only as a result of the attitudes of others toward such impairment; or (iii) Has none of the impairments defined in paragraph (1) of this definition but is treated by a private entity as having such an impairment.
(5) The term disability does not include – (i) Transvestism, transsexualism, pedophilia, exhibitionism, voyeurism, gender identity disorders not resulting from physical impairments, or other sexual behavior disorders; (ii) Compulsive gambling, kleptomania, or pyromania; or (iii) Psychoactive substance use disorders resulting from current illegal use of drugs.
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > Title I Technical Assistance Manual
Specific Exclusions
Specific Exclusions
A person who currently illegally uses drugs is not protected by the ADA , as an "individual with a disability", when an employer acts on the basis of such use....
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Webinars, Videos, and Training > Spirit of the ADA
Mark Perriello on Americans with Disabilities Act Video
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > Parent and Educator Resource Guide to Section 504 in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools
Student Evaluations and Placement Under Section 504
.44 When a school is aware of a student’s disability, or has reason to suspect a student has a disability, and the student needs or is believed to need special education or related services...
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Federal Documents > Regulations > 28 CFR Part 36 Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability by Public Accommodations and in Commercial Facilities (2010 ADA Title III Regulations with amendments issued through Dec. 2016)
§ 36.105(b)(2) Physical or mental impairment includes
as the following: Orthopedic, visual, speech and hearing impairments, and cerebral palsy, epilepsy, muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, cancer, heart disease, diabetes, intellectual disability...
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Federal Documents > Regulations > 28 CFR Part 35 Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability in State and Local Government Services (2010 ADA Title II Regulations with amendments issued through Aug. 2016)
§ 35.108(b)(2) Physical or mental impairment includes
the following: orthopedic, visual, speech, and hearing impairments, and cerebral palsy, epilepsy, muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, cancer, heart disease, diabetes, intellectual disability...
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > Air Carrier Access Act Technical Assistance Manual (2005)
If Carrier Contends That Attendant Is Required for Safety Reasons and Passenger Disagrees
If your decision is contrary to the self-assessment of the passenger with a disability, then the carrier must not charge for the transportation of the attendant....
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > Air Carrier Access Act Technical Assistance Manual (2005)
E. Attendants
You should know that it is generally not appropriate to require a passenger with a disability to be accompanied by a personal care attendant....
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > Air Carrier Access Act Technical Assistance Manual (2005)
Make a Reasonable Effort to Accommodate, Even Without Advance Notice
Make a Reasonable Effort to Accommodate, Even Without Advance Notice
In addition, even if a passenger with a disability does not meet the advance notice or check-in requirement, you must...
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Federal Documents > Regulations > 28 CFR Part 35 Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability in State and Local Government Services (2010 ADA Title II Regulations with amendments issued through Aug. 2016)
§ 35.149 Discrimination prohibited.
Except as otherwise provided in § 35.150, no qualified individual with a disability shall, because a public entity's facilities are inaccessible to or unusable by individuals with disabilities...
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > DOJ/DOE Joint Publication: Frequently Asked Questions on Effective Communication for Students with Hearing, Vision, or Speech Disabilities in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools
Introduction
Three Federal laws – the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA),1 Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) (Title II),2 and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation...
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Federal Documents > Regulations > 28 CFR Part 35 Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability in State and Local Government Services (1991 ADA Title II Regulations)
§35.149 Discrimination prohibited.
Except as otherwise provided in §35.150, no qualified individual with a disability shall, because a public entity's facilities are inaccessible to or unusable by individuals with disabilities...
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > A Guide for People with Disabilities Seeking Employment
How do I request a reasonable accommodation?
You simply must let your employer know that you need an adjustment or change because of your disability....
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > Air Carrier Access Act Technical Assistance Manual (2005)
Safety Considerations May Necessitate an Attendant
Safety Considerations May Necessitate an Attendant
In the interests of safety, however, you may require that a passenger with a disability travel with an attendant as a condition of receiving...
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Federal Documents > Regulations > 49 CFR Parts 37 & 38 - Department of Transportation (DOT) ADA Regulations
§ 37.5(c)
(c) An entity shall not require an individual with a disability to use designated priority seats, if the individual does not choose to use these seats....
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Rulemaking Process Documents > NPRMS > 28 CFR Part 36 Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability by Public Accommodations and in Commercial Facilities NPRM (2008 Title III NPRM)
§ 36.302(f)(8) Prevention of fraudulent purchase of accessible seating
A public accommodation may not require proof of disability before selling a wheelchair space. ...
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Federal Documents > Preamble to Regulations > 28 CFR Part 36, Appendix C: Guidance on ADA Regulation on Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability by Public Accommodations and in Commercial Facilities (2010 ADA Title III Regulations: 1991 Preamble and Section-by-Section Analysis)
‘‘Act.’’ (Preamble, Section-by-Section Analysis)
The word ‘‘Act’’ is used in the regulation to refer to the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, Pub. L. 101–336, which is also referred to as the ‘‘ADA.’’...
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Federal Documents > Regulations > 49 CFR Parts 37 & 38 - Department of Transportation (DOT) ADA Regulations
§ 38.97(b)
(b) Where provided, handrails or stanchions shall be sufficient to permit safe boarding, on-board circulation, seating and standing assistance, and alighting by persons with disabilities...
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > Title II Technical Assistance Manual
II-5.1000 General
A public entity may not deny the benefits of its programs, activities, and services to individuals with disabilities because its facilities are inaccessible....
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Rulemaking Process Documents > NPRMS > 28 CFR Part 36 Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability by Public Accommodations and in Commercial Facilities NPRM: Preamble (2008 Title III NPRM Preamble)
Fraudulent purchase of designated accessible seating. (Section-by-Section Analysis)
The Department continues to believe that requiring an individual to provide proof that he or she is a person with a disability is an unnecessary and burdensome invasion of privacy and may...
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Additional Access Publications > ADA Title II Action Guide for State and Local Governments
What Does It Mean to be Qualified?
Protections under the ADA are afforded to qualified individuals with disabilities. The definition of “qualified” has two forms....
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Federal Documents > Regulations > 49 CFR Parts 37 & 38 - Department of Transportation (DOT) ADA Regulations
§ 38.155(b)
provided within passenger compartments, handrails or stanchions shall be sufficient to permit safe on-board circulation, seating and standing assistance, and alighting by persons with disabilities...
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Research and History > Regulations and Standards History > Americans with Disabilities Act 25th Anniversary Timeline - Disability & Employment
Presidential Task Force on Employment of Adults with Disabilities
Presidential Task Force on Employment of Adults with Disabilities
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3/18/1998
Through Executive Order 13078, President...
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > Questions and Answers on the ADA Amendments Act of 2008 for Students with Disabilities Attending Public Elementary and Secondary Schools
Q13: Are the provision and implementation of a health plan developed prior to the Amendments Act sufficient to comply with the FAPE requirements as described in the Section 504 regulation?
Continuing with a health plan may not be sufficient if the student needs or is believed to need special education or related services because of his or her disability....
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > Air Carrier Access Act Technical Assistance Manual (2005)
I. Attendants
Except under limited circumstances, you cannot require a person with a disability to be accompanied by an attendant....