2010 ADA Definition
Disability: Disability means, with respect to an individual, a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the major life activities of such individual; a record of such an impairment; or being regarded as having such an impairment.
(1) The phrase physical or mental impairment means – (i) Any physiological disorder or condition, cosmetic disfigurement, or anatomical loss affecting one or more of the following body systems: neurological; musculoskeletal; special sense organs; respiratory, including speech organs; cardiovascular; reproductive; digestive; genitourinary; hemic and lymphatic; skin; and endocrine; (ii) Any mental or psychological disorder such as mental retardation, organic brain syndrome, emotional or mental illness, and specific learning disabilities; (iii) The phrase physical or mental impairment includes, but is not limited to, such contagious and noncontagious diseases and conditions as orthopedic, visual, speech, and hearing impairments, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, cancer, heart disease, diabetes, mental retardation, emotional illness, specific learning disabilities, HIV disease (whether symptomatic or asymptomatic), tuberculosis, drug addiction, and alcoholism; (iv) The phrase physical or mental impairment does not include homosexuality or bisexuality.
(2) The phrase major life activities means functions such as caring for one´s self, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.
(3) The phrase has a record of such an impairment means has a history of, or has been misclassified as having, a mental or physical impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities.
(4) The phrase is regarded as having an impairment means – (i) Has a physical or mental impairment that does not substantially limit major life activities but that is treated by a private entity as constituting such a limitation; (ii) Has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits major life activities only as a result of the attitudes of others toward such impairment; or (iii) Has none of the impairments defined in paragraph (1) of this definition but is treated by a private entity as having such an impairment.
(5) The term disability does not include – (i) Transvestism, transsexualism, pedophilia, exhibitionism, voyeurism, gender identity disorders not resulting from physical impairments, or other sexual behavior disorders; (ii) Compulsive gambling, kleptomania, or pyromania; or (iii) Psychoactive substance use disorders resulting from current illegal use of drugs.
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Rulemaking Process Documents > Committee Activity and Reports > Recommendations on Standards for the Design of Medical Diagnostic Equipment for Adults with Disabilities, Advisory Committee Final Report
Executive Summary
To maximize their health and wellbeing, persons with disabilities require access to the same range of MDE as individuals without disabilities, including examination tables, examination chairs...
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > Parent and Educator Resource Guide to Section 504 in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools
Letter from The Assistant Secretary
As school leaders, you are invaluable resources for people in your district regarding the rights of students with disabilities under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (Section...
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Additional Access Publications > Inclusive Event Procedures for Emergencies
Acknowledgements
generous time contributions of these subject matter experts and reviewers as well as many others who chose not to be not listed:
Sally Conway, Deputy Chief, US Department of Justice, Disability...
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > ADA Requirements - Service Animals
Inquiries, Exclusions, Charges, and Other Specific Rules Related to Service Animals
Staff may ask two questions: (1) is the dog a service animal required because of a disability, and (2) what work or task has the dog been trained to perform....
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Federal Documents > Regulations > 28 CFR Part 36 Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability by Public Accommodations and in Commercial Facilities (2010 ADA Title III Regulations with amendments issued through Dec. 2016)
Purchase of multiple tickets. (Section-by-Section Analysis)
In the NPRM, the Department proposed § 36.302(f)(9) to address one of the most common ticketing complaints raised with the Department: that individuals with disabilities are not able to...
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Federal Documents > Regulations > 28 CFR Part 35 Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability in State and Local Government Services (2010 ADA Title II Regulations with amendments issued through Aug. 2016)
Purchase of multiple tickets. (Section-by-Section Analysis)
In the NPRM, the Department proposed § 35.138(i) to address one of the most common ticketing complaints raised with the Department: That individuals with disabilities are not able to purchase...
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Federal Documents > Standards > 2010 ADA Standards
Public Rights-of-Way: ADA Standard Section 1.
The Board’s aim in developing these guidelines is to ensure that access for persons with disabilities is provided wherever a pedestrian way is newly built or altered, and that the same degree...
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State and Local Documents > Codes and Standards > 2022 California Standards
EQUIVALENT FACILITATION
Note: In determining equivalent facilitation, consideration shall be given to means that provide for the maximum independence of persons with disabilities while presenting the least risk...
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State and Local Documents > Codes and Standards > 2025 California Standards
EQUIVALENT FACILITATION
Note: In determining equivalent facilitation, consideration shall be given to means that provide for the maximum independence of persons with disabilities while presenting the least risk...
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State and Local Documents > Laws > Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 (with amendments issued through 2008)
12182(b)(1)(D)(i)
(i) that have the effect of discriminating on the basis of disability; or...
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Federal Documents > Regulations > 28 CFR Part 36 Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability by Public Accommodations and in Commercial Facilities (2010 ADA Title III Regulations with amendments issued through Dec. 2016)
§ 36.105(g) Exclusions
The term “disability” does not include—...
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Federal Documents > Standards > 1991 ADA Standards for Accessible Design
4.1.2(7)(a)
(a) Parking spaces designated as reserved for individuals with disabilities;...
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Federal Documents > Regulations > 28 CFR Part 35 Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability in State and Local Government Services (2010 ADA Title II Regulations with amendments issued through Aug. 2016)
§ 35.108(g) Exclusions
The term “disability” does not include—...
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > Title I Technical Assistance Manual
2.2(c) Regarded as Substantially Limited
Such protection is necessary, because, as the Supreme Court has stated and the Congress has reiterated, "society's myths and fears about disability and disease are as handicapping as are...
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > ADA Guide for Small Towns
Inaccessible Town Program
However, when such special activities or services are provided for people with disabilities, the town must permit a person with a disability to choose to participate in services, programs...
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Federal Documents > Regulations > 28 CFR Part 36 Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability by Public Accommodations and in Commercial Facilities (2010 ADA Title III Regulations with amendments issued through Dec. 2016)
Inquiries about service animals. (Section-by-Section Analysis)
The proposed section stated that a public accommodation may ask if the animal is required because of a disability and what task or work the animal has been trained to do but may not require...
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Legal Documents > United States of America v. Humboldt County, California - Settlement Agreement
I. EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PROCEDURES AND POLICIES
Community evacuation plans to enable people who have mobility disabilities, are blind or have low vision, are deaf or hard of hearing, have cognitive disabilities, mental illness, or other...
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Legal Documents > United States of America v. Humboldt County, California - Consent Decree
I. EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PROCEDURES AND POLICIES
Community evacuation plans to enable people who have mobility disabilities, are blind or have low vision, are deaf or hard of hearing, have cognitive disabilities, mental illness, or other...
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Federal Documents > Regulations > 28 CFR Part 35 Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability in State and Local Government Services (2010 ADA Title II Regulations with amendments issued through Aug. 2016)
Inquiries about service animals. (Section-by-Section Analysis)
The proposed section stated that a public entity may ask if the animal is required because of a disability and what task or work the animal has been trained to do but may not require proof...
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Rulemaking Process Documents > NPRMS > 28 CFR Part 36 Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability by Public Accommodations and in Commercial Facilities NPRM: Preamble (2008 Title III NPRM Preamble)
Wheelchairs and other power-driven mobility devices.
In addition to devices such as wheelchairs and mobility scooters, individuals with disabilities may use devices that are not designed primarily for use by individuals with disabilities,...
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Rulemaking Process Documents > NPRMS > 28 CFR Part 35 Title II Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) - Preamble (published 2008)
Wheelchairs and other power-driven mobility devices.
In addition to devices such as wheelchairs and mobility scooters, individuals with disabilities may use devices that are not designed primarily for use by individuals with disabilities,...
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Federal Documents > Regulations > 28 CFR Part 36 Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability by Public Accommodations and in Commercial Facilities (2010 ADA Title III Regulations with amendments issued through Dec. 2016)
§ 36.302(f)(4)(v) Group sales
If a group includes one or more individuals who need to use accessible seating because of a mobility disability or because their disability requires the use of the accessible features that...
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Federal Documents > Technical Assistance > Expanding Your Market: Accessible Customer Service Practices for Hotel and Lodging Guests with Disabilities
End Note
Good customer service practices that assist people with disabilities will bring repeat business from guests with disabilities, older travelers, and friends and families that accompany this...
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Federal Documents > Regulations > 49 CFR Part 37 - Transportation for Individuals With Disabilities at Intercity, Commuter, and High Speed Passenger Railroad Station Platforms; Miscellaneous Amendments
§ 37.42(a)
approved for entry into final design or that begin construction or alteration of platforms on or after February 1, 2012, that the following performance standard is met: individuals with disabilities...