Parent and Educator Resource Guide to Section 504 in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools
Among the auxiliary aids and services that help to ensure effective communication for students with disabilities are listed below. 153
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qualified interpreters
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note takers
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exchange of written materials
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Braille materials and displays
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assistive listening systems
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accessible electronic and information technology
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open and closed captioning
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a portable device that writes and/or produces speech
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taped texts
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audio recordings
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real-time computer-aided transcription services (for example, Communication Access Real-Time translation (CART))
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screen reader software
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magnification software
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optical readers
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secondary auditory programs (SAP)
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large print materials
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work or letter boards
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writing materials
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spelling to communicate
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qualified readers
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telecommunication services
The vast majority of students who have disabilities affecting communication, such as hearing, vision, and speech disabilities, and who often rely on the types of auxiliary aids and services listed above are also IDEA‐eligible.154 School districts must therefore ensure that they comply with both the IDEA and the effective communication requirements under Title II for students with disabilities.155
153 28 C.F.R. § 35.104.
154 See OCR, OSERS and DOJ, Frequently Asked Questions on Effective Communication for Students with Hearing, Vision, or Speech Disabilities in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools FAQ 2 (Nov. 2014), www.ed.gov/ocr/docs/dcl-faqs-effective-communication-201411.pdf. This document explains, among other things, how school districts must give primary consideration to the request of the individual with a disability in determining what type of auxiliary aid or service is needed.
155 See K.M. v. Tustin Unified Sch. Dist., 725 F.3d 1088 (9th Cir. 2013), cert. denied, 134 S. Ct. 1493 (2014); see also OCR, OSERS and DOJ, Frequently Asked Questions on Effective Communication for Students with Hearing, Vision, or Speech Disabilities in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools FAQ 1 & 2 (Nov. 2014), www.ed.gov/ocr/docs/dcl-faqs-effective-communication-201411.pdf.
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